Wildly variable. Here's the freshness window for Sour / American Wild Ale, what makes it age the way it does, and where to find the best examples.
Why Sour ages this way
Sour beers vary enormously by sub-style. Kettle sours (quick-souring with lactobacillus) are at peak fresh and fade like normal beers within 6-12 months. Barrel-aged wild ales fermented with Brettanomyces and mixed cultures actively improve for years as the wild microbes continue to develop complex flavors. Fruited sours fall between — the fruit fades but the underlying wild character can deepen.
How to store Sour
Depends on sub-style. Kettle sours: refrigerate, drink fresh. Barrel-aged wilds: cellar conditions, lay down for years. Bottle-conditioned sours have live cultures and benefit from upright storage.
When to drink it
Kettle sours within a year. Barrel-aged wilds: 2-5 years for full development. Vintage gueuze: 10-20 years.
Worth knowingRussian River's Supplication and Consecration sours, aged in pinot and cabernet barrels respectively, develop nuanced wine-like complexity over 2-3 years of cellaring.